Biochemistry Final Exam Review					Name: ___________________________
Practice Multiple Choice Questions

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

	1.	How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?
a.	2	c.	4	
b.	3	d.	5	

	2.	How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?
a.	2	c.	4	
b.	3	d.	5	

	3.	How many valence electrons does a helium atom have?
a.	2	c.	4	
b.	3	d.	5	

	4.	How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom?
a.	2	c.	6	
b.	4	d.	8	

	5.	What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
a.	orbital electrons	c.	anions	
b.	valence electrons	d.	cations	

	6.	How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
a.	It gains electrons.	
b.	It gives up electrons.	
c.	It does not change its number of electrons.	
d.	Calcium does not obey the octet rule.	

	7.	What is the maximum charge an ion is likely to have?
a.	2	c.	4	
b.	3	d.	5	

	8.	What is the electron configuration of the calcium ion?
a.	1s2s2p3s3p	c.	1s2s2p3s3p4s	
b.	1s2s2p3s3p4s	d.	1s2s2p3s	

	9.	What is the electron configuration of the gallium ion?
a.	1s2s2p3s3p	c.	1s2s2p3s3p4s4p	
b.	1s2s2p3s3p4s	d.	1s2s2p3s3p3d	

	10.	What is the charge on the strontium ion?
a.	2–	c.	1	
b.	1–	d.	2	
	11.	Which of the following elements does NOT form an ion with a charge of 1?
a.	fluorine	c.	potassium	
b.	hydrogen	d.	sodium	

	12.	How does oxygen obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
a.	It gains electrons.	
b.	It gives up electrons.	
c.	It does not change its number of electrons.	
d.	Oxygen does not obey the octet rule.	

	13.	Which of the following occurs in an ionic bond?
a.	Oppositely charged ions attract.	
b.	Two atoms share two electrons.	
c.	Two atoms share more than two electrons.	
d.	Like-charged ions attract.	

	14.	Which of the following is true about an ionic compound?
a.	It is a salt.	c.	It is composed of anions and cations.	
b.	It is held together by ionic bonds.	d.	all of the above	

	15.	Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound?
a.	magnesium and fluorine	
b.	nitrogen and sulfur	
c.	oxygen and chlorine	
d.	sodium and aluminum	

	16.	Ionic compounds are normally in which physical state at room temperature?
a.	solid	c.	gas	
b.	liquid	d.	plasma	

	17.	A covalent bond is formed as the result of
a.	transferring electrons.	c.	transferring protons.	
b.	sharing an electron pair.	d.	sharing a proton pair.	

	18.	What type of electron is available to form bonds?
a.	valence	c.	ionic	
b.	nucleus	d.	covalent	

	19.	What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
a.	neutral	c.	negative	
b.	positive	d.	possibly positive or negative	

	20.	What is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an oxygen atom?
a.	2	c.	6	
b.	4	d.	8	

	21	What is the electron configuration of potassium?
a.	1s2s2p3s3p4s	c.	1s2s3s3p3d	
b.	1s2s2p3s3p	d.	1s2s2p3s3p4s	

	22.	If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals, how will the electrons be distributed in the three orbitals?
a.	one electron in each orbital	
b.	two electrons in one orbital, one in another, none in the third	
c.	three in one orbital, none in the other two	
d.	Three electrons cannot fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals.	

	23.	How many unpaired electrons are in a sulfur atom (atomic number 16)?
a.	0	c.	2	
b.	1	d.	3	

	24.	How many half-filled orbitals are in a bromine atom?
a.	1	c.	3	
b.	2	d.	4	

	25.	Which electron configuration of the 4f energy sublevel is the most stable?
a.	4f	c.	4f	
b.	4f	d.	4f	

	26.	Which of the following electron configurations of outer sublevels is the most stable?
a.	4d5s	c.	4d5s	
b.	4d145s	d.	4d5s	

	27.	What is another name for the representative elements?
a.	Group A elements	c.	Group C elements	
b.	Group B elements	d.	transition elements	

	28.	Where are the transition metals located on the periodic table? (not the inner transition metals)
a.	s	c.	d	
b.	p	d.	f	

	29.	Which of the following elements is in the same period as phosphorus?
a.	carbon	c.	nitrogen	
b.	magnesium	d.	oxygen	

	30.	Each period in the periodic table corresponds to ____.
a.	valence electron energy level	c.	an orbital	
b.	an energy sublevel	d.	a suborbital	

	31.	The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic ____.
a.	mass	c.	number	
b.	charge	d.	radius	

	32.	Which of the following categories/classifications includes the majority of the elements?
a.	metalloids	c.	metals	
b.	liquids	d.	nonmetals	

	33.	Of the elements Pt, V, Li, and Kr, which is a nonmetal?
a.	Pt	c.	Li	
b.	V	d.	Kr	

	34.	To what category/classification of elements does an element belong if it is a poor conductor of electricity?
a.	transition elements	c.	nonmetals	
b.	metalloids	d.	metals	

	35.	In which of the following sets is the symbol of the element, the number of protons, and the number of electrons given correctly?
a.	In, 49 protons, 49 electrons	c.	Cs, 55 protons, 132.9 electrons	
b.	Zn, 30 protons, 60 electrons	d.	F, 19 protons, 19 electrons	

	35.	The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?
a.	neutrons	c.	electrons	
b.	protons	d.	protons and electrons	

	37.	What element has the electron configuration 1s2s2p3s3p?
a.	nitrogen	c.	silicon	
b.	selenium	d.	silver	

	38.	Which of the following is true about the electron configurations of the noble gases?
a.	s and p sublevels are completely filled.	
b.	s and p sublevels are partially filled.	
c.	The electrons with the highest energy are in a d sublevel.	
d.	The electrons with the highest energy are in an f sublevel.	

	39.	Which subatomic particle plays the greatest part in determining the properties of an element? 
a.	proton	c.	neutron	
b.	electron	d.	none of the above	

	40.	Which of the following elements is a transition metal?
a.	cesium	c.	tellurium	
b.	copper	d.	tin	

	41.	Which of the following groupings contains only representative elements?
a.	Cu, Co, Cd	c.	Al, Mg, Li	
b.	Ni, Fe, Zn	d.	Hg, Cr, Ag	

	42.	Of the elements Fe, Hg, U, and Te, which is a representative element?
a.	Fe	c.	U	
b.	Hg	d.	Te	

	43.	How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group in the periodic table?
a.	It tends to decrease.	c.	It first increases, then decreases.	
b.	It tends to increase.	d.	It first decreases, then increases.	

	44.	How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic table?
a.	It tends to decrease.	c.	It first increases, then decreases.	
b.	It tends to increase.	d.	It first decreases, then increases.	

	45.	Atomic size generally ____.
a.	increases as you move from left to right across a period	
b.	decreases as you move from top to bottom within a group	
c.	remains constant within a period	
d.	decreases as you move from left to right across a period	

	46.	What element in the second period has the largest atomic radius? 
a.	carbon	c.	potassium	
b.	lithium	d.	neon	

	47.	Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
a.	sulfur	c.	selenium	
b.	chlorine	d.	bromine	

	48.	What is the charge of a cation?
a.	a positive charge	
b.	no charge	
c.	a negative charge	
d.	The charge depends on the size of the nucleus. 	

	49.	Which of the following statements is true about ions?
a.	Cations form when an atom gains electrons.	
b.	Cations form when an atom loses electrons.	
c.	Anions form when an atom gains protons.	
d.	Anions form when an atom loses protons.	

	50.	Which of the following statements is NOT true about ions?
a.	Cations are positively charged ions.	
b.	Anions are common among nonmetals.	
c.	Charges for ions are written as numbers followed by a plus or minus sign.	
d.	When a cation forms, more electrons are transferred to it.	

	51.	What is the element with the lowest electronegativity value?
a.	cesium	c.	calcium	
b.	helium	d.	fluorine	

	52.	What is the element with the highest electronegativity value?
a.	cesium	c.	calcium	
b.	helium	d.	fluorine	

	53.	Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity?
a.	lithium	c.	bromine	
b.	carbon	d.	fluorine	

	54.	Which statement is true about electronegativity?
a.	Electronegativity is the ability of an anion to attract another anion.	
b.	Electronegativity generally increases as you move from top to bottom within a group.	
c.	Electronegativity generally is higher for metals than for nonmetals.	
d.	Electronegativity generally increases from left to right across a period.	

55.		Which step in the scientific method requires you to use your senses to obtain information?
a.	revising a hypothesis	c.	making an observation	
b.	designing an experiment	d.	stating a theory	

56	.	Which of these steps should always be followed for effective problem solving?
a.	buying a larger quantity of material than estimated	
b.	performing metric conversions	
c.	developing a plan and then implementing the plan	
d.	using a trial-and-error approach and then evaluating	

57.	.	How do conceptual problems differ from numeric problems?
a.	Solutions to conceptual problems involve analysis, while numeric solutions do not.	
b.	Logic is not usually involved in solving numeric problems. 	
c.	A plan is necessary to solve numeric problems, but is not necessary for conceptual problems.	
d.	Solutions to conceptual problems normally do not involve calculations.	

58.		Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a.	It has a boiling point of 100C.	
b.	It is a colorless liquid.	
c.	It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.	
d.	Sugar dissolves in it.	

	59.	Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a.	color and odor	c.	malleability and hardness	
b.	melting and boiling points	d.	all of the above	

	60	Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress?
a.	gas	c.	solid	
b.	liquid	d.	all of the above	

	61	All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state EXCEPT ____.
a.	indefinite volume	c.	not easily compressed	
b.	definite mass	d.	indefinite shape	

	62	Which of the following is a physical change?
a.	corrosion	c.	evaporation	
b.	explosion	d.	rotting of food	

	63	Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
a.	table salt	c.	nitrogen	
b.	air	d.	gold	
	64.	Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a.	salt water	c.	sand and water	
b.	beef stew	d.	soil	

	65.	An example of a homogeneous mixture is ____.
a.	water	c.	noodle soup	
b.	stainless steel	d.	oxygen	
	
66.	Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
a.	baking soda	c.	sucrose	
b.	salad dressing	d.	table salt	

	67.	Which of the following is true about compounds?
a.	They can be physically separated into their component elements.	
b.	They have compositions that vary.	
c.	They are substances.	
d.	They have properties similar to those of their component elements.	

	68.	Which of the following materials is a substance?
a.	air	c.	stainless steel	
b.	gasoline	d.	silver	

	69.	What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
a.	A compound consists of more than one phase.	
b.	A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means.	
c.	A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means.	
d.	A mixture must be uniform in composition.	

	70.	What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
a.	Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not.	
b.	Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not.	
c.	Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties.	
d.	Mixtures can be separated physically, while compounds cannot.	

	71.	The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____.
a.	identity of the elements in the compound	
b.	how elements are joined in the compound	
c.	the composition of the compound	
d.	relative proportions of the elements in the compound	

	72.	What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively?
a.	elements and compounds	
b.	atoms and mixtures	
c.	compounds and mixtures	
d.	elements and ions	

	73.	Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
a.	calcium	c.	oxygen	
b.	hydrogen	d.	potassium	
	74.	Which of the following is NOT a physical change?
a.	grating cheese	c.	fermenting of cheese	
b.	melting cheese	d.	mixing two cheeses in a bowl	

	75.	All of the following changes to a metal are physical changes EXCEPT ____.
a.	bending	c.	rusting	
b.	melting	d.	polishing	

	76.	Which of the following does NOT involve a physical change?
a.	mixing	c.	grinding	
b.	melting	d.	decomposing	

	77.	Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties?
a.	rusting	c.	boiling	
b.	fermenting	d.	burning	

	78	 A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____.
a.	is split	c.	decays	
b.	is painted	d.	is cut	

	79	Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4C?
a.	its color	
b.	its state	
c.	its temperature	
d.	its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen	

	80	What must be done to be certain that a chemical change has taken place?
a.	Check for the production of bubbles before and after the change.	
b.	Demonstrate that a release of energy occurred after the change.	
c.	Check the composition of the sample before and after the change.	
d.	Demonstrate that energy was absorbed by the reactants after the change.	

	81	Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking?
a.	The food darkens.	
b.	Bubbles form in boiling water.	
c.	Butter melts.	
d.	Energy is transferred from the stove to a pan.	

	82	hich of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
a.	fracture formation	c.	precipitate formation	
b.	gas production	d.	energy transfer	

	83	Which action changes the identity of the substance referenced?
a.	melting gold	
b.	running an electric current through copper	
c.	corroding iron	
d.	breaking an ice cube	

	84	What is the result of adding 52.535 + 1.183? 
a.	52.718	c.	53.718	
b.	53.71	d.	54.718	

	85	What is the result of adding 33.1172 + 5.3 + 91.8?
a.	130.2	c.	130.2172	
b.	130.241	d.	129.2	

	86	When a test instrument is calibrated (checked and balanced), does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve?
a.	precision	c.	reliability	
b.	accuracy	d.	all of the above	

87	Which of the following defines accuracy?
a.	A measure of how far apart a measurement comes to the actual or true value of what’s being measured	c.	A measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another	
b.	A measure of how far apart a series of measurements are to one another	d.	A measure of how close a measurement comes to the actual or true value of what’s being measured	

	88.	Which group of measurements is the most precise? (Hint: Which ones are closest? )
a.	2 g, 3 g, 4 g	c.	2 g, 2.5 g, 3 g	
b.	2.0 g, 3.0 g, 4.0 g	d.	1 g, 3 g, 5 g	

	89.	Three different people weigh a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obtains a reading of 7.32 g for the mass of the standard. These results imply that the balance that was used is ____.
a.	accurate	c.	accurate and precise	
b.	precise	d.	neither accurate nor precise	

	90.	Which of the following measurements is expressed to three significant figures?
a.	0.007 m	c.	7.31  10 km	
b.	7077 mg	d.	0.070 mm	
	
91.		What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits?
a.	111 mm	c.	111.01 mm	
b.	111.0 mm	d.	110 mm	

	92.	What is the measurement 1042 L rounded off to two significant digits?
a.	1.0  10 L	c.	1050 L	
b.	1040 L	d.	1.1  10 L	

	93.	Express the number 129000 in significant digits.
a.	1.29 x 106	c.	1.29 x 105	
b.	1.29 x 104	d.	The answer is not here	

94.	What is the volume of a salt crystal measuring 3 mm x 2 mm x 4mm?
a.	24 mm3	c.	24 cm3	
b.	24 cm2	d.	25 mm3	

	95.	Which of the following mass units is the largest?
a.	1 g	c.	1 kg	
b.	1 dg	d.	1 mg	

	96.	The weight of an object ____.
a.	is the same as its mass	c.	is not affected by gravity	
b.	depends on its location	d.	is always the same	

	97.	Chlorine boils at 239 K. What is the boiling point of chlorine expressed in degrees Celsius?
		Formulas: K = oC + 273      oC = K - 273
a.	93C	c.	–61C	
b.	34C	d.	–34C	

98.	Calculate the answer to the appropriate number of significant figures:     23.7 x 3.8
a.	90.06	c.	90	
b.	91	d.	90.1	
	
99.		Calculate the answer to the appropriate number of significant figures: 6.47 x 64.5 
a.	417.3	c.	417	
b.	416	d.	417.315	

100.		Solve the problem and round accordingly:  22.15 + 7.56 + 19.9732 = ?
a.	49.6832	c.	49.68	
b.	49.683	d.	49.6	

101.	    Convert 10 kg to _____g.
a.	10000 g	c.	1000 g	
b.	100000 g	d.	100 g	

102.	Convert 5 km to ________m
a.	50 m	c.	5000 m	
b.	500 m	d.	50000 m	

103.   Convert 10000 m to ______ km
a.	10 km	c.	1000 km	
b.	100 km	d.	10000 km	

104. Convert 1 cm to ______ mm?
a.	1 mm	c.	100 mm	
b.	10 mm	d.	1000 mm	

105	.	Carbon-14, a radioactive  isotope used in dating fossils, has
a.	6 neutrons.	c.	10 neutrons.	
b.	8 neutrons.	d.	14 neutrons.	
	
	106.	An aluminum (Al)  isotope consists 14 neutrons. Using the Periodic Table, determine the mass number.
a.	13.	c.	27.	
b.	14.	d.	40.	

	
	107.	Using the Periodic Table, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons does a tin atom (symbol Sn) and mass number 125 contain?
a.	50 protons, 50 electrons, 75 neutrons	c.	120 neutrons, 50 protons, 75 electrons	
b.	75 electrons, 50 protons, 50 neutrons	d.	70 neutrons, 75 protons, 50 electrons	

	108.	What does the 218 in polonium-218 represent?
a.	the mass number	c.	the mass defect	
b.	the atomic number	d.	the neutron number	

	109.	 Using the Periodic Table, determine the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of the element osmium (Os).
a.	152 protons and 76 electrons	c.	38 protons and 38 electrons	
b.	76 protons and 0 electrons	d.	76 protons and 76 electrons	
	
	110.	Using the Periodic Table, how many protons, electrons and neutrons does a chlorine-35 atom have?
a.	17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons.	
b.	35 protons, 35 electrons, and 17 neutrons.	
c.	17 protons, 17 electrons, and 52 neutrons.	
d.	18 protons, 18 electrons, and 17 neutrons.	

	111.	What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?
a.	the atomic number	c.	the sum of the protons and electrons	
b.	the mass number	d.	twice the number of protons	

	112.	In which of the following sets is the symbol of the element, the number of protons, and the number of electrons given correctly?
a.	In, 49 protons, 49 electrons	c.	Cs, 55 protons, 132.9 electrons	
b.	Zn, 30 protons, 60 electrons	d.	F, 19 protons, 19 electrons	

	113.	The atomic number of oxygen indicates that there are
a.	eight protons in the nucleus of an oxygen atom.	
b.	16 oxygen nuclides.	
c.	eight neutrons outside the oxygen atom's nucleus.	
d.	16 energy levels in the oxygen atom's nucleus.	
	
	114.	If E is the symbol for an element, which two of the following symbols represent isotopes of the same element?
1. E	2. E	3. E	4. E	

a.	1 and 2	c.	1 and 4	
b.	3 and 4	d.	2 and 3